Fluid operated tool



g'nventou,

Oct. 6, 1931. B. R. SHEETS ET AL FLUID OPERATED T001,

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 22, 1927 N 11%. .flhN

$4 efida/ l fueu mm? Oct. 6, 1931. B. R. SHEETS ET AL FLUID OPERATED TOOL Filed Dec. 22, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1931- B. R. SHEETS ET AL 1,825,095

FLUID OPERATED TOOL Filed Dec. 22, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fate-med Oct. 6, 1931 Unit-ED srArEs artar rr cs Barron R. snnnrs AND CHARLES srnwan'r, ernnivvnn, cononan hssienons j'ro aaannaanravm coMPaNY, or DENVER-,ooL'oRAnO, aconroaarron 1mm- WARE FLUID Orrin-ATE]: TOOL Application filed December 22, 1927. Serial No. 241,853.

The present invention relates to valve mechanism for distributing motive fluid to the piston'of a fluid operatedtool, and one of the objects isto provide a novel distributing valve, whichit has been found materially re duces the vibration that is ordinarily present during the operation of a tool of this character. 1

Another object is to provide means for com trolling the operation of the valve, thereby to stop the piston, and preferably to so stop it that a supply of air'or other motive fluid at substantially line pressure'will be delivered to the bore of'the drill steel or other tool.

In the accompanying drawings 1 Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the invention with the piston at the front end of its stroke, and the automatic distributing valve held 29 against movement, also at the frontend of its stroke.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view withthe piston approaching its rearmost position and the valve in its rearmost position.

Figure 3 is a detail longitudinal sectional view on an enlarged scale showing the piston approaching its foremostposition and the valve inits. foremost position,

,..Figure 3a is a detail view of the front end ofxthe tool, and'constituting in effect a continuationof Figure 3.

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view on the line 44 of Figure 1.

'Figure 5 me cross sectional view on the line 55 of Figure 2.

lFigure 6 is a'crosssectional view on the line 66 of Figure 3. g

1 Figure 7 is a detail sectional view substantially on the line 77 of Figure 1.

In the embodiment disclosed, a cylinder member is employed, including a barrel 8, having an internal longitudinally disposed combined piston andvalve chamber 9. A front head 10 is located at the front end of the barrel 8 and a rear head 11 is located at the rear end of the barrel 8. Abushing 12, fitted into the head 10, is provided with an outstanding flange 13, and mounted on the front end of the said bushing in advance 5 of the ner e, is a chuckhousing 14, in which is located a rotatable tool holder or chuck 15." This chuck is adapted to-re'ceive a drill steel or other tool 16 provided witha central longitudinal bore; 1?. Between the rear end of'tliefbarrel 8 and the rear headll is fitted bushing 18'for'med with an internal fluid supply groove 19. In advance of the groove 19 is a distributing groove 20, and in afldvanc'eof said distributing groove is an exhaust groove 21 that is in communication wijtlran' exhaust port 22 formed in the barrel. "The bushing 18 is-fitted into van-enlarged bore of the barrel, and terminates short of the front wall of said bo're',forming an annular flange-receiving groove 28. In advance-of said groove 23 the barrel is provided with an internal annular exhaust groove' l, fromwhich leads to atmosphere, 'an exhaust passageway 25. The front end 'of'the barrel is provided with an internal annular distributing groove 26 that isin mfnmunieationwith the groove 20 through the 'nredium' of passageways 27.

" In the chamber 9 is located a tubular reciprocatory automatic distributing valve 28, having an external annular flange 29 operating in the flange-receiving groove 23. It is also provided at its rear endwith an an nular groove 30that alternately affords communication between the grooves 19 and 20 when the valve is in its rear position, as shown in Figure 2,; and between the rooves 20 and 21 when they' alve is-in its foremost position, as shown in Figures 1 and 3. Said valve also has in its front end a plurality of ports 31 that are in'consta'nt communication with the annulargroove 26 in the barrel. The front end of the valve operates freely in a pocket, from which extend toat'mosphere relief ports 32' The front end of the said valve 28 is reduced in its e'X- ternal diameter,- providing. a V forwardly faced annular shoulder 33. Said valve is provided insadvance ofthe flange'QQ with exhaust ports 34 that are in constant communication with the exhaust groove 24, and thus' with the exhaust passageway 25: There arealso provided in-said valve, trip ports 85 opening from itsinterior to the exv terior intothe'; fiange+reeeiving gro feQQ3 I and in advance of the flange Motiveiifiuid i supplied, to the tool through a nipple 36" (see Figure 7),,110 which 1 may be coupled a supply hose, and thiswni'p- I pleiis at the end ofe tapered valvechamb'er 37,in which 'is'a rotary tapered thr ttle 19, and from said supply groove there 1S3 way 42that will direct a portion of the-fluid to the front faced shoulder 330i e the auton'latic valve, and which willthns c 115 stantly urge the Yalvei'earwardly; y

A reciprocetory piston 43's mounted in the r chamber 9 within the Jantomatiedistributing valve 28. It provided with n reduced hammer ext-enswn 44 I that operates through preferably has a 'slidi nginterlocking engagea Thereisalsopr I T t e hau -passag wa 5 ee ymem .tive fiuidIa-gainst the reonlfme "flange 29.1 p p vided "with an 'elllargement in which). l. r formed a; piston ehamber filg andg infsaidh chamber 'is', located at pistonf5-2 [baring a; 7 Plot! er valve extension that is ,mqveble- :1 to an from a positionaerossthe pesse'geweyl '25 for the purpose of nlosing'soid passageway;

ment 45 with the chuck, so that the 'l atter will" herotated by the former, and ,seidjpiston is in turn rotated bymeaneiot a-rifleber lfi, hevin "tl'le nsuel ratchet meel'mnism'M lo-L1 catedm therear head 11.1' Thepiston e ltlend e 1 ,r itsextension 44,are'provigled withnlongitude nal passageway 48 opening" intojthe I piston chamber behind the piston endin comment cation with the bore Hofthelsfieelflfi. Prefr *erablythere ifs'al's'oprov ided a wate t'nhea mounted atltsfrear'end, as shown otl 50 7 rear head 11, and lexten lingglongltn nally within he a sagewayee, trhepistqnxheaa 1&3 operates hetnfeena poin 1 1s i 1 1 i fthe polftsfil"bi themitomntloflfl' 1' h l antheo this; endfthe bzi The piston and valve are "urged tot-heir rear POSlhODS by means of :1- COlled sprlng 54 surrounding the valve and operating against the front face of the piston; A passageway 55 for live motive fluid leads from't he passageway 41 in front of the throttle valve 38 to the rear end of the piston Chamber 51, and this passageway 55 is controlled by a rotary valve 56 having an exposed finger piece 57 arranged new valve flange-receiving groove 23 endi n rear: I

0f the when it"ie in the rforenm st pe Sltl n inithe, groove. 5" The passagewuyfl);it,

ll benotech -1s et1 t oil from thepassegemly e e xvhen'thelpaston 52 1s m itsi warmest-"P05 1;

nonmsshm i'n Figuresfinnd The operation of theme hem-sin lees, 01?

10 Ws. Considering Figures 2 and 3', with't he controlling valve closed and the;.throttle thereer end ofits'strokm with the valve in its war est, positionyas shown infFignre :2, preseuro will be'built'up behin lthe pistonWhich "will operate against the ,reeremlof the valve e aInl'Ignftit forward-1yagai'nstthe pressured j {1G} 1 the bushing 12 and chuckle tohammernpon the rear end of the steel; 16; This "piston crating against the shoulder ereti n'g' therein against; the rear end of I the smut-m1 43mm eXhaust throughitl'xe e :24, 1 antli exhaust :paseagewe saidf'piston, {U616 bore 1701': the drill steel drilled.

t were Axah eSS open, when the pistonjappro'aohes 7 J g; "such movement. When eaid l i'ulvelbn lifted-forwardly,motive flni clfrom 9 3 ,tl,1e 1neinsupplygrooveiw can flowl inwardly I e f around tl'lerearend ofithe valve 28, and 0p ts omms th pistomo i It sometimes happens, however, that an I augmented supply of cleansing fluid is required for cleans-mgpurposes. \Vhenever this becomes desirable, the operator has only toturn the valve 56 from its closed to its open position, whereupon the ports will assume the relation shown in Figure 1. The piston 52 will be moved forwardly against the action of the spring 54: and close the exhaust passageway 25. At the sametime this uncovers. the passageway 59-and a part of the live fluid under pressure will enter the rear end of the flange-receiving groove 23, thereby operating against the rear face of the flange 29 and either moving forwardly or holding the valve in its forward position, as shownin said Figure 1. The result is that the valve being held in its forward position, live fluid is permitted to continue to enter the rear end of the valve against the rear end of' the piston, holding it firmly against the steelzlfl, and the normal exhaust 3424 is now' cut off. The only method of escape for this fluid under line pressure is therefore through the passageway 48 and bore 1? of the drillisteel. closed the pressure in the chamber 51 drops because of the escape to atmosphere through the ports 5.8, and the spring 54 can now react to open the valve53, thereby opening the exhaust 34, cutting down the pressure against the rear face of the valve flange 29 and allowing the valve to assume its normal cycle of operations.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many advantages of the herein described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art Without further description, and it Will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

What We claim, is: g

1. In a tool of the character set'forth, the combination With a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston therein, of a holder for a tool to be operated on by the piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to. the cylinder member, an automatic valve for distributing such actuating fluid to the piston chamber to operate thepiston, means for directing actuating fluid from a point in advance of its entry into the piston chamber, against the valve to hold it in a position to maintain the supply of actuating fluid against the rear end of the piston, an exhaust passageway from the rear end of the piston,-and a secondary valve operated by the holding fluid, for closing said exhaust passageway.

2. In a tool of the characterset forth, the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston therein, of a holder for a tool to be operated on by the piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to the cylinder member, an auto matic valve for distributing such actuating fluid to the piston chamber to operatethe pis- As soon as the valve 56 is ton, meansfor directing actuating fluid from a point in advance of its entry into the piston chamber, against the valve to hold it in a position to maintain the supply of actuating fluid against the rear end of the piston, an exhaust passageway fromthe rear end of the piston, a secondary valve operated by the holding fluid for closing said exhaust passageway, and means for directing fluid from the rear end of the piston to the bore of a tool placed in thevtool holder.

8. In a tool of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston therein, of a holder for a tool to be operated on by the piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to the cylinder member, an auto-i matic valve for distributing such actuating fluidto the piston chamberto operate the piston, means for permit-ting fluid to exhaust from the'piston chamber, means for directing fluid against the automatic distributing valve to hold it against movement and thereby stop the piston, and avalve for alternately closing the exhaust permitting means and the means for supplying; the holding fluid. i

.4. In a tool of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder" member having a piston chamber anda reciprocatory piston therein, of a holderfor a tool to be operated on by the-piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to the cylinder member, anautomatic valve for distributing such actuating fluid to the. piston chamber to operate the piston, means for permitting fluid to exhaust from the piston chamber, means for directing fluid against the automatic distributing valve, tohold it against movement and thereby stop the piston, a fluid actuated valve for alternately closing the exhaust permitting means and the means for supplying the.hold ing fluid, and valve controlledmeans for supplying motive fluid to the fluid actuated valveto effect its movement. f

5. In a tool of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber anda reciprocatory piston therein, of a holder for a tool to be operated on by the piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to the cylinder member, an automatic valve for distributing such actuating fluid to the piston chamber to operate the piston, means for directing fluid from behind the piston to the bore of a tool in the holder,

an exhaust passageway for the fluid behind the piston, a piston valve movable to and from a posltlon across the exhaust passage- Way, a passageway for directing fluid from the fluid supply to the piston valve to move it, and means for causing such fluid to oper-' ate on the automatic distributing valve and hold it to maintain the fluid supply against the rear end of the piston and thereby hold it in its advance position.

of Or) 6. In a tool of the character set forth, the

comhinationwith a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston therein, of a holder for a tool to be operated on by the piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to the cylinder member, an auto maticf valve for distributing such actuating fluid to the piston chamber to operate the piston, means for directing fluid frombehind the piston to the bore of a tool in the holder,

an exhaust passageway for the fluid behind the piston, a piston valve movable to and from a position across the exhaust passageway, a assageway for directing fluid from the flui supply to the piston valve to move" combination with a cylinder member having a iston chamber, of atubular automatic distributing valve in the piston chamber having an external forwardly faced pressure shoulder in rear of its front end and an external flange, said front end operating in a pocket that is open to atmosphere, means for dirooting rearwardly acting pressure; fluid against the shoulder, said valve having a port therethrough for admitting fluid from its interior against the front face of the flange, a piston operating in the piston chamber and-valve and covering and uncovering the port, means for supplying motive fluid against the rear end of the valve and past the same to the interior of the valve to operate'the piston, and means with which said valves rear end cooperates to cut off the supply of motiverfiuid to the interior of the valve:

8. In a tool of the characterset fortlu'the combinationewith a cylinder member having a a combined piston and valve chamber, of;

means for supplying motive fluid to the rear end of the chamber, said chamber having an internal *reari groove and an internal front groove, a passageway in the cylinder member connecting the grooves, said chamber also having an intermediate internal flange-receiving groove, a tubular rcciprocatingantd matic distributing valve in the chamber having a flange in the intermediate groove, said valve having an external groove that affords communication between the fluid supply and the rear groove and also havm; a port affording communication between the front chunk her groove and the interior of the valve, a reciprocatory piston operating in theivalve between said port and the rear end of the valve, said valve having a trip port. opening into the flange receiving groove in advance of the flangeand said trip port be ng covered and uncovered by the piston, said valvealso having an external forwardly"faced shoulder,

means for supplying motive tluid constantly against the shoulder. and means for permitting the exhaust Oil fllild from the interior of the valve on opposite sides of the piston, including a port opening through the valve and covered and uncovered by the piston.

J. In a tool of the character set fortluthe combination with a cylinder member having a combined piston and valve chamber, of means for supplying motive fluid to the rear end of the chamber, said chamber having an internal rear groove and an internal front groove, a passageway in the cylinder member a connecting the grooves, said chamber also having an intermediate internal flange receiving groove, a tubular reciprocatoryautomatic distributing valve in the chamber having a flange, in the intermediate groovmsaid' I vali e having an. external groove that ail'ords communication between the fluidsupply and the rear groove and also having a" port atfording communication between the front I chamber groove and the interior of the valve,

a reciorocutory piston operating in the valve between said port and the rear end of the valve, said valve having atrip port opening into the flange receiving 'groovcin advance otthe flange and said trip port beingcovercd and uncovered by the; Ifll on, said valve also having an external -forwardly faced shoulder, means for sup lying motive fluid constantly against the shoulder, means for permitting the exhaust of fluid from the interior of the valveon opposite sides of the piston, lncludmg a port opeiung through the valve and covered and uncovered by the piston, and an exhaust passageway with" which the port communicates, a fluid operated, plunger valve forclosmg the exhaust passageway, and valve controlled means tordirecting fluid to opcrate the plunger *alve to close the exhaust,

passageway and simultaneously directing did such fluid against theflrcar face of the valve 'flangep r I 10. "Ina tool of the character set forth, the 1 a a .i 7 1:15

a piston chamber and a recipro'catory piston I therein, of a holiicr'for a tool to be operated combinationwvith a cylinder member having on by the piston. meansfor supplying actuat- Wing fluid to the'cylinder member, means for,

supplying motive, fluid to the piston chamber to: operate the piston, means controlled by the piston for permitting the exhaustgot the a fluid fromathe piston chamber, an automatic valve'iior distributing fillltl' to the piston ehamberto actuate the piston, atluid actuated, valvefor closing the exhaust means, and

means for"directingfluid to both valves to- ,r

hold the distributing valve against movement a and to cause the fluid actuated valve to close the exhaust means.

11. In a tool of the character set forth, the combination with a cylinder member having a piston chamber and a reciprocatory piston therein, 01" a holder for a tool to be operated on by the piston, means for supplying actuating fluid to the cylinder member, means for supplying motive fluid to the piston chamber to operate the piston, said cylinder member having an exhaust port opening from the piston chamber and covered and uncovered bythe piston on its movement, an automatic valve for distributing fluid to the piston chamber to actuate the piston, a fluid actuated valve for closing the exhaust means, a passageway leading fromvthe motive fluid supply to both valves to hold the distributing valve again-st movement and to cause the fluid actuated valve to close the exhaust means and a valve controlling the passage- Way.

In testimony whereof, we aflix our sigma tures.

BARTON R. SHEETS. CHARLES M. STEWART. 

